What Is The Importance Of Soil Conservation – There is a lot of media coverage about conserving forests, oceans, and energy, which are very important to the environment. The soil currently does not receive much attention, however, without sufficiently fertile soil, agriculture can disappear and society along with it. Soil erosion destroys the aquatic environment, which affects the entire planet. Therefore, it is important to understand soil conservation and its threats, as well as sustainable farming practices.
Soil conservation is the process of preventing erosion and loss of soil fertility. Erosion is a problem because the loss of topsoil equals the loss of nutrients needed for plant growth. There are additional negative environmental consequences from the loss of topsoil. Surface soil from agricultural areas contains fertilizers and pesticides, which end up in water systems where they cause damage to the ecological balance. The purpose of soil conservation is to use various methods to maintain soil fertility and prevent dangerous erosion.
What Is The Importance Of Soil Conservation
Unfortunately, there are a number of threats to soil conservation. The biggest threats come from unsustainable farming practices. Slash and burn, excessive land use, and chemical pollution are a few of the common offenders.
Pesticides And Soil Health
Slash and burn is an agricultural technique that involves clearing wild land for cultivation. This involves cutting down many trees and burning the remaining vegetation. A layer of ash is created which makes the area temporarily fertile for agriculture. When the soil is depleted of its nutrients due to cultivation, the site is abandoned and the process is repeated.
This practice is dangerous for soil conservation as the removal of trees and vegetation means that there are no longer root structures to hold the topsoil in place. After the ash’s nutrients are gone, the earth can no longer support life. Green, nutrient-rich areas are being turned into deserts.
Repeated cropping in an area eventually makes the soil less fertile. The tilling process removes essential micronutrients, including phosphorus, iron, and nitrogen. Repeated cultivation depletes topsoil and ultimately makes the soil uneven and unhealthy.
While fertilizers are thought to be beneficial, they are, in fact, extremely harmful. Plants use a fraction of the fertilizer applied. Residual chemicals throw off the healthy balance of the soil and make it unsuitable. Pesticides cause problems too. While they kill harmful insects, they also destroy beneficial organisms that are essential to the health of the soil. Furthermore, runoff of water contaminated with fertilizers and pesticides damages the aquatic environment and the life in it.
Pdf) Soil Erosion Control From Construction Sites: An Important Aspect Of Watershed Conservation
Fortunately, despite the threats to the earth’s stability, there are many ways to support the environment. The following are five of the most effective soil conservation methods. Fortunately, it is likely that environmentally friendly practices will grow over time as advances in biotechnology seek to improve soil sustainability.
No-till farming is an agricultural technique where land is cultivated without the use of tillage. Traditional farming involves frequent weeding after each crop, thus disturbing the soil. A sustainable process, however, involves leaving the soil alone and allowing the last plant to rot in the soil.
This has been shown to significantly reduce soil erosion while increasing the number of beneficial organisms. Water is better stored in the soil because evaporation is reduced. This is an efficient and cost-effective technique, so even from an economic point of view, this method of agriculture is superior to conventional tillage.
Crop rotation is the process of growing several different crops in succession on the same land. Different crops are grown next to each other, like rows, and are rotated every year. This prevents the soil from getting tired of the same crop year after year. It reduces disease because disease-causing bacteria and weeds that would otherwise thrive on the plant are not allowed to grow over time.
Permanent Soil Cover: Cover Crops
This effect is best seen when affected plants are rotated with stronger ones alternately. By alternating plants with different nutrient requirements, accumulation of excess nutrients is prevented. If done correctly, this is one of the most economical agricultural techniques as many studies have shown increased yields, and profits, by using this system.
This is a method of carving the steps of flat land into a hill and cultivating each level. The terrain is contained at each level with an obstacle such as a mud wall. This preserves the soil by preventing the flow of water into the environment. Instead, runoff water is used by the lower levels of the soil. This method also better retains nutrients in the soil, making it more fertile. This is a common method of agriculture in areas where rice is grown.
An alarming amount of soil erosion can occur due to wind stress. The idea behind windbreaks is to plant thick rows of trees around farmland to stop wind from blowing away the land. An added bonus is that the root systems of the trees prevent erosion on the edges as well. Tall trees work well, and coniferous species provide year-round protection.
Introducing earthworms to farmland, and making sure the soil is free of pesticides so they can survive, is another way to save the earth. Digging the species allows more water to enter and drain more efficiently, thereby improving nutrient transport and preventing surface water erosion. As an added bonus, worm waste provides a natural and effective fertilizer that is distributed underground. Earthworms have also been shown to increase yields by improving soil health.
Environmental Benefits Of Erosion Control
It is clear that soil conservation is a worthy cause that should not be neglected. The concept of maintaining soil fertility and preventing erosion is important not only for plant health, but for the surrounding environment, including rivers and oceans that affect the entire world. Although there are many threats to healthy soil, fortunately, many farming methods are compatible with healthy soil, and therefore, a healthy world.
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Soil Conservation: Strategies, Management And Challenges
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Land has been considered a non-renewable resource since its creation from a stone tool to a very slow agricultural system (Lal 1990). The topsoil is where most of the living activities of flora and fauna tak 1999, the topsoil is the uppermost part of the soil that is normally moved in tillage or is equal to unculti up to 25 cm (plough layer). The removal of this nutrient-enriched topsoil through soil erosion will result in organic matter and nutrients that may lead to a decrease in crop yields (Lal 1986; Rose and Dal erosion is very dangerous in Caribbean countries where fertilizer…
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